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+.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+Building support for a media device
+===================================
+
+The first step is to download the Kernel's source code, either via a
+distribution-specific source file or via the Kernel's main git tree\ [1]_.
+
+.. [1] located at
+       https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/
+
+
+Please notice, however, that, if you want to report a bug or to develop
+a new patch, you should use the main media development tree ``master``
+branch, located at:
+
+    https://git.linuxtv.org/media_tree.git/
+
+In this case, you may find some useful information at the
+`LinuxTv wiki pages <https://linuxtv.org/wiki>`_:
+
+    https://linuxtv.org/wiki/index.php/How_to_Obtain,_Build_and_Install_V4L-DVB_Device_Drivers
+
+Configuring the Linux Kernel
+============================
+
+You can access a menu of Kernel building options with::
+
+    $ make menuconfig
+
+The media subsystem is controlled by those menu configuration options:
+
+    Device Drivers --->
+	<M> Remote Controller support  --->
+	<M> Multimedia support --->
+
+The first option enable the core support for remote controllers.
+
+The second option enables support for HDMI CEC, TV, cameras and audio/video
+grabbers. It is also required to enable remote controller support
+on TV card drivers.
+
+The media subsystem support can either be built together with the main
+Kernel or as a module. For most use cases, it is preferred to have it
+built as modules.
+
+.. note::
+
+   Instead of using a menu, the Kernel provides a script with allows
+   enabling options directly. So, to enable them both as module, you could
+   use, instead::
+
+	$ scripts/config -m RC_CORE
+	$ scripts/config -m MEDIA_SUPPORT
+
+Media dependencies
+==================
+
+It should be noticed that enabling the above from a clean config is
+usually not enough. The media subsystem depends on several other Linux
+core support in order to work.
+
+For example, cameras and TV devices usually use serial communication buses in
+order to talk with some peripherals. In order to be able to build support
+for such hardware, the I2C bus support should be enabled, either via
+menu or with::
+
+    ./scripts/config -m I2C
+
+The Remote Controller support requires support for input devices, with
+can be enabled with::
+
+    ./scripts/config -m INPUT
+
+Other core functionality, like ``PCI`` or ``USB`` support may also be
+required, depending on the specific driver you want to enable.
+
+Enabling Remote Controller Support
+==================================
+
+The remote controller menu allows selecting drivers for specific devices.
+It's menu looks like this::
+
+         --- Remote Controller support
+         <M>   Compile Remote Controller keymap modules
+         [*]   LIRC user interface
+         [*]     Support for eBPF programs attached to lirc devices
+         [*]   Remote controller decoders  --->
+         [*]   Remote Controller devices  --->
+
+The ``Compile Remote Controller keymap modules`` option creates key maps for
+several popular remote controllers.
+
+The ``LIRC user interface`` option adds enhanced functionality when using the
+``lirc`` program, by enabling an API that allows userspace to receive raw data
+from remote controllers.
+
+The ``Support for eBPF programs attached to lirc devices`` option allows
+the usage of special programs (called eBPF) that would allow aplications
+to add extra remote controller decoding functionality to the Linux Kernel.
+
+The ``Remote controller decoders`` option allows selecting the
+protocols that will be recognized by the Linux Kernel. Except if you
+want to disable some specific decoder, it is suggested to keep all
+sub-options enabled.
+
+The ``Remote Controller devices`` allows you to select the drivers
+that would be needed to support your device.
+
+The same configuration can also be set via the ``script/config``
+script. So, for instance, in order to support the ITE remote controller
+driver (found on Intel NUCs and on some ASUS x86 desktops), you could do::
+
+	$ scripts/config -e INPUT
+	$ scripts/config -e ACPI
+	$ scripts/config -e MODULES
+	$ scripts/config -m RC_CORE
+	$ scripts/config -e RC_DEVICES
+	$ scripts/config -e RC_DECODERS
+	$ scripts/config -m IR_RC5_DECODER
+	$ scripts/config -m IR_ITE_CIR
+
+Enabling Media Support
+======================
+
+The Media menu has a lot more options than the remote controller menu.
+Once selected, you should see the following options:
+
+	--- Media support
+	[ ] Filter media drivers
+	[*] Autoselect ancillary drivers
+	    Media device types --->
+	    Media core support --->
+	    Video4Linux options --->
+	    Media controller options --->
+	    Digital TV options --->
+	    HDMI CEC options --->
+	    Media drivers --->
+	    Media ancillary drivers --->
+
+Except if you know exactly what you're doing, or if you want to build
+a driver for a SoC platform, it is strongly recommended to keep the
+``Autoselect ancillary drivers`` option turned on, as it will auto-select
+the needed I2C ancillary drivers.
+
+There are now two ways to select media device drivers, as described
+below.
+
+``Filter media drivers`` menu
+-----------------------------
+
+This menu is meant to easy setup for PC and Laptop hardware. It works
+by letting the user to specify what kind of media drivers are desired,
+with those options::
+
+	[ ] Cameras and video grabbers (NEW)
+	[ ] Analog TV (NEW)
+	[ ] Digital TV (NEW)
+	[ ] AM/FM radio receivers/transmitters (NEW)
+	[ ] Software defined radio (NEW)
+	[ ] HDMI CEC support (NEW)
+	[ ] Platform-specific devices (NEW)
+	[ ] Test drivers (NEW)
+
+So, if you want to add support to a camera or video grabber only,
+select just the first option. Multiple options are allowed.
+
+Once the options on this menu are selected, the building system will
+auto-select the needed core drivers in order to support the selected
+functionality.
+
+The ``Media support->Media drivers`` menu will contain the drivers that
+provide support for the desired functionality(ies).
+
+When using this option, the defaults for the other media support menus
+are usually good enough to provide the basic functionality for the
+driver. Yet, you could manually enable some desired extra (optional)
+functionality using the settings under each of the following
+``Media support`` sub-menu::
+
+	    Media core support --->
+	    Video4Linux options --->
+	    Media controller options --->
+	    Digital TV options --->
+	    HDMI CEC options --->
+
+``Media Core Support`` menu without filtering
+=============================================
+
+If you disable the ``Filter media drivers`` menu, all drivers available
+for your system whose dependencies (like ``PCI`` and ``USB``) are met
+should be shown at the ``Media drivers`` menu.
+
+Please notice, however, that you should first ensure that the
+``Media Core Support`` menu has core functionality your driver needs
+selected, as otherwise the corresponding device driver won't be shown.
+
+Example
+=======
+
+
+
+The media subsystem can be configured
+
+You'll need at least these config options for bttv::
+
+    ./scripts/config -m I2C
+
+
+    ./scripts/config -e MEDIA_PCI_SUPPORT
+    ./scripts/config -e MEDIA_ANALOG_TV_SUPPORT
+    ./scripts/config -e MEDIA_DIGITAL_TV_SUPPORT
+    ./scripts/config -e MEDIA_RADIO_SUPPORT
+    ./scripts/config -m VIDEO_BT848
+
+    ./scripts/config -e PCI
+
+
+If your board has digital TV, you'll also need::
+
+    ./scripts/config -m DVB_BT8XX
+
+In this case, please see :doc:`bt8xx` for additional notes.
+
+Make bttv work with your card
+-----------------------------
+
+If you have bttv compiled and installed, just booting the Kernel
+should be enough for it to try probing it. However, depending
+on the model, the Kernel may require additional information about
+the hardware, as the device may not be able to provide such info
+directly to the Kernel.
+
+If it doesn't bttv likely could not autodetect your card and needs some
+insmod options.  The most important insmod option for bttv is "card=n"
+to select the correct card type.  If you get video but no sound you've
+very likely specified the wrong (or no) card type.  A list of supported
+cards is in :doc:`bttv-cardlist`.
+
+If bttv takes very long to load (happens sometimes with the cheap
+cards which have no tuner), try adding this to your modules configuration
+file (usually, it is either ``/etc/modules.conf`` or some file at
+``/etc/modules-load.d/``, but the actual place depends on your
+distribution)::
+
+	options i2c-algo-bit bit_test=1
+
+Some cards may require an extra firmware file to work. For example,
+for the WinTV/PVR you need one firmware file from its driver CD,
+called: ``hcwamc.rbf``. It is inside a self-extracting zip file
+called ``pvr45xxx.exe``.  Just placing it at the ``/etc/firmware``
+directory should be enough for it to be autoload during the driver's
+probing mode (e. g. when the Kernel boots or when the driver is
+manually loaded via ``modprobe`` command).
+
+If your card isn't listed in :doc:`bttv-cardlist` or if you have
+trouble making audio work, please read :ref:`still_doesnt_work`.
+
+
+Autodetecting cards
+-------------------
+
+bttv uses the PCI Subsystem ID to autodetect the card type.  lspci lists
+the Subsystem ID in the second line, looks like this:
+
+.. code-block:: none
+
+	00:0a.0 Multimedia video controller: Brooktree Corporation Bt878 (rev 02)
+		Subsystem: Hauppauge computer works Inc. WinTV/GO
+		Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 32, IRQ 5
+		Memory at e2000000 (32-bit, prefetchable) [size=4K]
+
+only bt878-based cards can have a subsystem ID (which does not mean
+that every card really has one).  bt848 cards can't have a Subsystem
+ID and therefore can't be autodetected.  There is a list with the ID's
+at :doc:`bttv-cardlist` (in case you are intrested or want to mail
+patches with updates).
+
+
+.. _still_doesnt_work:
+
+Still doesn't work?
+-------------------
+
+I do NOT have a lab with 30+ different grabber boards and a
+PAL/NTSC/SECAM test signal generator at home, so I often can't
+reproduce your problems.  This makes debugging very difficult for me.
+
+If you have some knowledge and spare time, please try to fix this
+yourself (patches very welcome of course...)  You know: The linux
+slogan is "Do it yourself".
+
+There is a mailing list at
+http://vger.kernel.org/vger-lists.html#linux-media
+
+If you have trouble with some specific TV card, try to ask there
+instead of mailing me directly.  The chance that someone with the
+same card listens there is much higher...
+
+For problems with sound:  There are a lot of different systems used
+for TV sound all over the world.  And there are also different chips
+which decode the audio signal.  Reports about sound problems ("stereo
+doesn't work") are pretty useless unless you include some details
+about your hardware and the TV sound scheme used in your country (or
+at least the country you are living in).
+
+Modprobe options
+----------------
+
+.. note::
+
+
+   The following argument list can be outdated, as we might add more
+   options if ever needed. In case of doubt, please check with
+   ``modinfo <module>``.
+
+   This command prints various information about a kernel
+   module, among them a complete and up-to-date list of insmod options.
+
+
+
+bttv
+	The bt848/878 (grabber chip) driver
+
+    insmod args::
+
+	    card=n		card type, see CARDLIST for a list.
+	    tuner=n		tuner type, see CARDLIST for a list.
+	    radio=0/1	card supports radio
+	    pll=0/1/2	pll settings
+
+			    0: don't use PLL
+			    1: 28 MHz crystal installed
+			    2: 35 MHz crystal installed
+
+	    triton1=0/1     for Triton1 (+others) compatibility
+	    vsfx=0/1	yet another chipset bug compatibility bit
+			    see README.quirks for details on these two.
+
+	    bigendian=n	Set the endianness of the gfx framebuffer.
+			    Default is native endian.
+	    fieldnr=0/1	Count fields.  Some TV descrambling software
+			    needs this, for others it only generates
+			    50 useless IRQs/sec.  default is 0 (off).
+	    autoload=0/1	autoload helper modules (tuner, audio).
+			    default is 1 (on).
+	    bttv_verbose=0/1/2  verbose level (at insmod time, while
+			    looking at the hardware).  default is 1.
+	    bttv_debug=0/1	debug messages (for capture).
+			    default is 0 (off).
+	    irq_debug=0/1	irq handler debug messages.
+			    default is 0 (off).
+	    gbuffers=2-32	number of capture buffers for mmap'ed capture.
+			    default is 4.
+	    gbufsize=	size of capture buffers. default and
+			    maximum value is 0x208000 (~2MB)
+	    no_overlay=0	Enable overlay on broken hardware.  There
+			    are some chipsets (SIS for example) which
+			    are known to have problems with the PCI DMA
+			    push used by bttv.  bttv will disable overlay
+			    by default on this hardware to avoid crashes.
+			    With this insmod option you can override this.
+	    no_overlay=1	Disable overlay. It should be used by broken
+			    hardware that doesn't support PCI2PCI direct
+			    transfers.
+	    automute=0/1	Automatically mutes the sound if there is
+			    no TV signal, on by default.  You might try
+			    to disable this if you have bad input signal
+			    quality which leading to unwanted sound
+			    dropouts.
+	    chroma_agc=0/1	AGC of chroma signal, off by default.
+	    adc_crush=0/1	Luminance ADC crush, on by default.
+	    i2c_udelay=     Allow reduce I2C speed. Default is 5 usecs
+			    (meaning 66,67 Kbps). The default is the
+			    maximum supported speed by kernel bitbang
+			    algorithm. You may use lower numbers, if I2C
+			    messages are lost (16 is known to work on
+			    all supported cards).
+
+	    bttv_gpio=0/1
+	    gpiomask=
+	    audioall=
+	    audiomux=
+			    See Sound-FAQ for a detailed description.
+
+	remap, card, radio and pll accept up to four comma-separated arguments
+	(for multiple boards).
+
+tuner
+	The tuner driver.  You need this unless you want to use only
+	with a camera or the board doesn't provide analog TV tuning.
+
+	insmod args::
+
+		debug=1		print some debug info to the syslog
+		type=n		type of the tuner chip. n as follows:
+				see CARDLIST for a complete list.
+		pal=[bdgil]	select PAL variant (used for some tuners
+				only, important for the audio carrier).
+
+tvaudio
+	Provide a single driver for all simple i2c audio control
+	chips (tda/tea*).
+
+	insmod args::
+
+		tda8425  = 1	enable/disable the support for the
+		tda9840  = 1	various chips.
+		tda9850  = 1	The tea6300 can't be autodetected and is
+		tda9855  = 1	therefore off by default, if you have
+		tda9873  = 1	this one on your card (STB uses these)
+		tda9874a = 1	you have to enable it explicitly.
+		tea6300  = 0	The two tda985x chips use the same i2c
+		tea6420  = 1	address and can't be disturgished from
+		pic16c54 = 1	each other, you might have to disable
+				the wrong one.
+		debug = 1	print debug messages
+
+msp3400
+	The driver for the msp34xx sound processor chips. If you have a
+	stereo card, you probably want to insmod this one.
+
+	insmod args::
+
+		debug=1/2	print some debug info to the syslog,
+				2 is more verbose.
+		simple=1	Use the "short programming" method.  Newer
+				msp34xx versions support this.  You need this
+				for dbx stereo.  Default is on if supported by
+				the chip.
+		once=1		Don't check the TV-stations Audio mode
+				every few seconds, but only once after
+				channel switches.
+		amsound=1	Audio carrier is AM/NICAM at 6.5 Mhz.  This
+				should improve things for french people, the
+				carrier autoscan seems to work with FM only...
+
+If the box freezes hard with bttv
+---------------------------------
+
+It might be a bttv driver bug.  It also might be bad hardware.  It also
+might be something else ...
+
+Just mailing me "bttv freezes" isn't going to help much.  This README
+has a few hints how you can help to pin down the problem.
+
+
+bttv bugs
+~~~~~~~~~
+
+If some version works and another doesn't it is likely to be a driver
+bug.  It is very helpful if you can tell where exactly it broke
+(i.e. the last working and the first broken version).
+
+With a hard freeze you probably doesn't find anything in the logfiles.
+The only way to capture any kernel messages is to hook up a serial
+console and let some terminal application log the messages.  /me uses
+screen.  See :doc:`/admin-guide/serial-console` for details on setting
+up a serial console.
+
+Read :doc:`/admin-guide/bug-hunting` to learn how to get any useful
+information out of a register+stack dump printed by the kernel on
+protection faults (so-called "kernel oops").
+
+If you run into some kind of deadlock, you can try to dump a call trace
+for each process using sysrq-t (see :doc:`/admin-guide/sysrq`).
+This way it is possible to figure where *exactly* some process in "D"
+state is stuck.
+
+I've seen reports that bttv 0.7.x crashes whereas 0.8.x works rock solid
+for some people.  Thus probably a small buglet left somewhere in bttv
+0.7.x.  I have no idea where exactly, it works stable for me and a lot of
+other people.  But in case you have problems with the 0.7.x versions you
+can give 0.8.x a try ...
+
+
+hardware bugs
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Some hardware can't deal with PCI-PCI transfers (i.e. grabber => vga).
+Sometimes problems show up with bttv just because of the high load on
+the PCI bus. The bt848/878 chips have a few workarounds for known
+incompatibilities, see README.quirks.
+
+Some folks report that increasing the pci latency helps too,
+althrought I'm not sure whenever this really fixes the problems or
+only makes it less likely to happen.  Both bttv and btaudio have a
+insmod option to set the PCI latency of the device.
+
+Some mainboard have problems to deal correctly with multiple devices
+doing DMA at the same time.  bttv + ide seems to cause this sometimes,
+if this is the case you likely see freezes only with video and hard disk
+access at the same time.  Updating the IDE driver to get the latest and
+greatest workarounds for hardware bugs might fix these problems.
+
+
+other
+~~~~~
+
+If you use some binary-only yunk (like nvidia module) try to reproduce
+the problem without.
+
+IRQ sharing is known to cause problems in some cases.  It works just
+fine in theory and many configurations.  Neverless it might be worth a
+try to shuffle around the PCI cards to give bttv another IRQ or make
+it share the IRQ with some other piece of hardware.  IRQ sharing with
+VGA cards seems to cause trouble sometimes.  I've also seen funny
+effects with bttv sharing the IRQ with the ACPI bridge (and
+apci-enabled kernel).
+
+Bttv quirks
+-----------
+
+Below is what the bt878 data book says about the PCI bug compatibility
+modes of the bt878 chip.
+
+The triton1 insmod option sets the EN_TBFX bit in the control register.
+The vsfx insmod option does the same for EN_VSFX bit.  If you have
+stability problems you can try if one of these options makes your box
+work solid.
+
+drivers/pci/quirks.c knows about these issues, this way these bits are
+enabled automagically for known-buggy chipsets (look at the kernel
+messages, bttv tells you).
+
+Normal PCI Mode
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The PCI REQ signal is the logical-or of the incoming function requests.
+The inter-nal GNT[0:1] signals are gated asynchronously with GNT and
+demultiplexed by the audio request signal. Thus the arbiter defaults to
+the video function at power-up and parks there during no requests for
+bus access. This is desirable since the video will request the bus more
+often. However, the audio will have highest bus access priority. Thus
+the audio will have first access to the bus even when issuing a request
+after the video request but before the PCI external arbiter has granted
+access to the Bt879. Neither function can preempt the other once on the
+bus. The duration to empty the entire video PCI FIFO onto the PCI bus is
+very short compared to the bus access latency the audio PCI FIFO can
+tolerate.
+
+
+430FX Compatibility Mode
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+When using the 430FX PCI, the following rules will ensure
+compatibility:
+
+ (1) Deassert REQ at the same time as asserting FRAME.
+ (2) Do not reassert REQ to request another bus transaction until after
+     finish-ing the previous transaction.
+
+Since the individual bus masters do not have direct control of REQ, a
+simple logical-or of video and audio requests would violate the rules.
+Thus, both the arbiter and the initiator contain 430FX compatibility
+mode logic. To enable 430FX mode, set the EN_TBFX bit as indicated in
+Device Control Register on page 104.
+
+When EN_TBFX is enabled, the arbiter ensures that the two compatibility
+rules are satisfied. Before GNT is asserted by the PCI arbiter, this
+internal arbiter may still logical-or the two requests. However, once
+the GNT is issued, this arbiter must lock in its decision and now route
+only the granted request to the REQ pin. The arbiter decision lock
+happens regardless of the state of FRAME because it does not know when
+FRAME will be asserted (typically - each initiator will assert FRAME on
+the cycle following GNT). When FRAME is asserted, it is the initiator s
+responsibility to remove its request at the same time. It is the
+arbiters responsibility to allow this request to flow through to REQ and
+not allow the other request to hold REQ asserted. The decision lock may
+be removed at the end of the transaction: for example, when the bus is
+idle (FRAME and IRDY). The arbiter decision may then continue
+asynchronously until GNT is again asserted.
+
+
+Interfacing with Non-PCI 2.1 Compliant Core Logic
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+A small percentage of core logic devices may start a bus transaction
+during the same cycle that GNT is de-asserted. This is non PCI 2.1
+compliant. To ensure compatibility when using PCs with these PCI
+controllers, the EN_VSFX bit must be enabled (refer to Device Control
+Register on page 104). When in this mode, the arbiter does not pass GNT
+to the internal functions unless REQ is asserted. This prevents a bus
+transaction from starting the same cycle as GNT is de-asserted. This
+also has the side effect of not being able to take advantage of bus
+parking, thus lowering arbitration performance. The Bt879 drivers must
+query for these non-compliant devices, and set the EN_VSFX bit only if
+required.
+
+
+Other elements of the tvcards array
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+If you are trying to make a new card work you might find it useful to
+know what the other elements in the tvcards array are good for::
+
+	video_inputs    - # of video inputs the card has
+	audio_inputs    - historical cruft, not used any more.
+	tuner           - which input is the tuner
+	svhs            - which input is svhs (all others are labeled composite)
+	muxsel          - video mux, input->registervalue mapping
+	pll             - same as pll= insmod option
+	tuner_type      - same as tuner= insmod option
+	*_modulename    - hint whenever some card needs this or that audio
+			module loaded to work properly.
+	has_radio	- whenever this TV card has a radio tuner.
+	no_msp34xx	- "1" disables loading of msp3400.o module
+	no_tda9875	- "1" disables loading of tda9875.o module
+	needs_tvaudio	- set to "1" to load tvaudio.o module
+
+If some config item is specified both from the tvcards array and as
+insmod option, the insmod option takes precedence.
+
+Cards
+-----
+
+.. note::
+
+   For a more updated list, please check
+   https://linuxtv.org/wiki/index.php/Hardware_Device_Information
+
+Supported cards: Bt848/Bt848a/Bt849/Bt878/Bt879 cards
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+All cards with Bt848/Bt848a/Bt849/Bt878/Bt879 and normal
+Composite/S-VHS inputs are supported.  Teletext and Intercast support
+(PAL only) for ALL cards via VBI sample decoding in software.
+
+Some cards with additional multiplexing of inputs or other additional
+fancy chips are only partially supported (unless specifications by the
+card manufacturer are given).  When a card is listed here it isn't
+necessarily fully supported.
+
+All other cards only differ by additional components as tuners, sound
+decoders, EEPROMs, teletext decoders ...
+
+
+MATRIX Vision
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+MV-Delta
+- Bt848A
+- 4 Composite inputs, 1 S-VHS input (shared with 4th composite)
+- EEPROM
+
+http://www.matrix-vision.de/
+
+This card has no tuner but supports all 4 composite (1 shared with an
+S-VHS input) of the Bt848A.
+Very nice card if you only have satellite TV but several tuners connected
+to the card via composite.
+
+Many thanks to Matrix-Vision for giving us 2 cards for free which made
+Bt848a/Bt849 single crystal operation support possible!!!
+
+
+
+Miro/Pinnacle PCTV
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+- Bt848
+  some (all??) come with 2 crystals for PAL/SECAM and NTSC
+- PAL, SECAM or NTSC TV tuner (Philips or TEMIC)
+- MSP34xx sound decoder on add on board
+  decoder is supported but AFAIK does not yet work
+  (other sound MUX setting in GPIO port needed??? somebody who fixed this???)
+- 1 tuner, 1 composite and 1 S-VHS input
+- tuner type is autodetected
+
+http://www.miro.de/
+http://www.miro.com/
+
+
+Many thanks for the free card which made first NTSC support possible back
+in 1997!
+
+
+Hauppauge Win/TV pci
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+There are many different versions of the Hauppauge cards with different
+tuners (TV+Radio ...), teletext decoders.
+Note that even cards with same model numbers have (depending on the revision)
+different chips on it.
+
+- Bt848 (and others but always in 2 crystal operation???)
+  newer cards have a Bt878
+
+- PAL, SECAM, NTSC or tuner with or without Radio support
+
+e.g.:
+
+- PAL:
+
+  - TDA5737: VHF, hyperband and UHF mixer/oscillator for TV and VCR 3-band tuners
+  - TSA5522: 1.4 GHz I2C-bus controlled synthesizer, I2C 0xc2-0xc3
+
+- NTSC:
+
+  - TDA5731: VHF, hyperband and UHF mixer/oscillator for TV and VCR 3-band tuners
+  - TSA5518: no datasheet available on Philips site
+
+- Philips SAA5246 or SAA5284 ( or no) Teletext decoder chip
+  with buffer RAM (e.g. Winbond W24257AS-35: 32Kx8 CMOS static RAM)
+  SAA5246 (I2C 0x22) is supported
+
+- 256 bytes EEPROM: Microchip 24LC02B or Philips 8582E2Y
+  with configuration information
+  I2C address 0xa0 (24LC02B also responds to 0xa2-0xaf)
+
+- 1 tuner, 1 composite and (depending on model) 1 S-VHS input
+
+- 14052B: mux for selection of sound source
+
+- sound decoder: TDA9800, MSP34xx (stereo cards)
+
+
+Askey CPH-Series
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Developed by TelSignal(?), OEMed by many vendors (Typhoon, Anubis, Dynalink)
+
+- Card series:
+  - CPH01x: BT848 capture only
+  - CPH03x: BT848
+  - CPH05x: BT878 with FM
+  - CPH06x: BT878 (w/o FM)
+  - CPH07x: BT878 capture only
+
+- TV standards:
+  - CPH0x0: NTSC-M/M
+  - CPH0x1: PAL-B/G
+  - CPH0x2: PAL-I/I
+  - CPH0x3: PAL-D/K
+  - CPH0x4: SECAM-L/L
+  - CPH0x5: SECAM-B/G
+  - CPH0x6: SECAM-D/K
+  - CPH0x7: PAL-N/N
+  - CPH0x8: PAL-B/H
+  - CPH0x9: PAL-M/M
+
+- CPH03x was often sold as "TV capturer".
+
+Identifying:
+
+  #) 878 cards can be identified by PCI Subsystem-ID:
+     - 144f:3000 = CPH06x
+     - 144F:3002 = CPH05x w/ FM
+     - 144F:3005 = CPH06x_LC (w/o remote control)
+  #) The cards have a sticker with "CPH"-model on the back.
+  #) These cards have a number printed on the PCB just above the tuner metal box:
+     - "80-CP2000300-x" = CPH03X
+     - "80-CP2000500-x" = CPH05X
+     - "80-CP2000600-x" = CPH06X / CPH06x_LC
+
+  Askey sells these cards as "Magic TView series", Brand "MagicXpress".
+  Other OEM often call these "Tview", "TView99" or else.
+
+Lifeview Flyvideo Series:
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The naming of these series differs in time and space.
+
+Identifying:
+  #) Some models can be identified by PCI subsystem ID:
+
+     - 1852:1852 = Flyvideo 98 FM
+     - 1851:1850 = Flyvideo 98
+     - 1851:1851 = Flyvideo 98 EZ (capture only)
+
+  #) There is a print on the PCB:
+
+     - LR25       = Flyvideo (Zoran ZR36120, SAA7110A)
+     - LR26 Rev.N = Flyvideo II (Bt848)
+     - LR26 Rev.O = Flyvideo II (Bt878)
+     - LR37 Rev.C = Flyvideo EZ (Capture only, ZR36120 + SAA7110)
+     - LR38 Rev.A1= Flyvideo II EZ (Bt848 capture only)
+     - LR50 Rev.Q = Flyvideo 98 (w/eeprom and PCI subsystem ID)
+     - LR50 Rev.W = Flyvideo 98 (no eeprom)
+     - LR51 Rev.E = Flyvideo 98 EZ (capture only)
+     - LR90       = Flyvideo 2000 (Bt878)
+     - LR90 Flyvideo 2000S (Bt878) w/Stereo TV (Package incl. LR91 daughterboard)
+     - LR91       = Stereo daughter card for LR90
+     - LR97       = Flyvideo DVBS
+     - LR99 Rev.E = Low profile card for OEM integration (only internal audio!) bt878
+     - LR136	 = Flyvideo 2100/3100 (Low profile, SAA7130/SAA7134)
+     - LR137      = Flyvideo DV2000/DV3000 (SAA7130/SAA7134 + IEEE1394)
+     - LR138 Rev.C= Flyvideo 2000 (SAA7130)
+     - LR138 Flyvideo 3000 (SAA7134) w/Stereo TV
+
+	- These exist in variations w/FM and w/Remote sometimes denoted
+	  by suffixes "FM" and "R".
+
+  #) You have a laptop (miniPCI card):
+
+      - Product    = FlyTV Platinum Mini
+      - Model/Chip = LR212/saa7135
+
+      - Lifeview.com.tw states (Feb. 2002):
+        "The FlyVideo2000 and FlyVideo2000s product name have renamed to FlyVideo98."
+        Their Bt8x8 cards are listed as discontinued.
+      - Flyvideo 2000S was probably sold as Flyvideo 3000 in some countries(Europe?).
+        The new Flyvideo 2000/3000 are SAA7130/SAA7134 based.
+
+"Flyvideo II" had been the name for the 848 cards, nowadays (in Germany)
+this name is re-used for LR50 Rev.W.
+
+The Lifeview website mentioned Flyvideo III at some time, but such a card
+has not yet been seen (perhaps it was the german name for LR90 [stereo]).
+These cards are sold by many OEMs too.
+
+FlyVideo A2 (Elta 8680)= LR90 Rev.F (w/Remote, w/o FM, stereo TV by tda9821) {Germany}
+
+Lifeview 3000 (Elta 8681) as sold by Plus(April 2002), Germany = LR138 w/ saa7134
+
+lifeview config coding on gpio pins 0-9
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+- LR50 rev. Q ("PARTS: 7031505116), Tuner wurde als Nr. 5 erkannt, Eingänge
+  SVideo, TV, Composite, Audio, Remote:
+
+ - CP9..1=100001001 (1: 0-Ohm-Widerstand gegen GND unbestückt; 0: bestückt)
+
+
+Typhoon TV card series:
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+These can be CPH, Flyvideo, Pixelview or KNC1 series.
+
+Typhoon is the brand of Anubis.
+
+Model 50680 got re-used, some model no. had different contents over time.
+
+Models:
+
+  - 50680 "TV Tuner PCI Pal BG"(old,red package)=can be CPH03x(bt848) or CPH06x(bt878)
+  - 50680 "TV Tuner Pal BG" (blue package)= Pixelview PV-BT878P+ (Rev 9B)
+  - 50681 "TV Tuner PCI Pal I" (variant of 50680)
+  - 50682 "TView TV/FM Tuner Pal BG"       = Flyvideo 98FM (LR50 Rev.Q)
+
+  .. note::
+
+	 The package has a picture of CPH05x (which would be a real TView)
+
+  - 50683 "TV Tuner PCI SECAM" (variant of 50680)
+  - 50684 "TV Tuner Pal BG"                = Pixelview 878TV(Rev.3D)
+  - 50686 "TV Tuner"                       = KNC1 TV Station
+  - 50687 "TV Tuner stereo"                = KNC1 TV Station pro
+  - 50688 "TV Tuner RDS" (black package)   = KNC1 TV Station RDS
+  - 50689  TV SAT DVB-S CARD CI PCI (SAA7146AH, SU1278?) = "KNC1 TV Station DVB-S"
+  - 50692 "TV/FM Tuner" (small PCB)
+  - 50694  TV TUNER CARD RDS (PHILIPS CHIPSET SAA7134HL)
+  - 50696  TV TUNER STEREO (PHILIPS CHIPSET SAA7134HL, MK3ME Tuner)
+  - 50804  PC-SAT TV/Audio Karte = Techni-PC-Sat (ZORAN 36120PQC, Tuner:Alps)
+  - 50866  TVIEW SAT RECEIVER+ADR
+  - 50868 "TV/FM Tuner Pal I" (variant of 50682)
+  - 50999 "TV/FM Tuner Secam" (variant of 50682)
+
+Guillemot
+~~~~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- Maxi-TV PCI (ZR36120)
+- Maxi TV Video 2 = LR50 Rev.Q (FI1216MF, PAL BG+SECAM)
+- Maxi TV Video 3 = CPH064 (PAL BG + SECAM)
+
+Mentor
+~~~~~~
+
+Mentor TV card ("55-878TV-U1") = Pixelview 878TV(Rev.3F) (w/FM w/Remote)
+
+Prolink
+~~~~~~~
+
+- TV cards:
+
+  - PixelView Play TV pro - (Model: PV-BT878P+ REV 8E)
+  - PixelView Play TV pro - (Model: PV-BT878P+ REV 9D)
+  - PixelView Play TV pro - (Model: PV-BT878P+ REV 4C / 8D / 10A )
+  - PixelView Play TV - (Model: PV-BT848P+)
+  - 878TV - (Model: PV-BT878TV)
+
+- Multimedia TV packages (card + software pack):
+
+  - PixelView Play TV Theater - (Model: PV-M4200) =  PixelView Play TV pro + Software
+  - PixelView Play TV PAK -     (Model: PV-BT878P+ REV 4E)
+  - PixelView Play TV/VCR -     (Model: PV-M3200 REV 4C / 8D / 10A )
+  - PixelView Studio PAK -      (Model:    M2200 REV 4C / 8D / 10A )
+  - PixelView PowerStudio PAK - (Model: PV-M3600 REV 4E)
+  - PixelView DigitalVCR PAK -  (Model: PV-M2400 REV 4C / 8D / 10A )
+  - PixelView PlayTV PAK II (TV/FM card + usb camera)  PV-M3800
+  - PixelView PlayTV XP PV-M4700,PV-M4700(w/FM)
+  - PixelView PlayTV DVR PV-M4600  package contents:PixelView PlayTV pro, windvr & videoMail s/w
+
+- Further Cards:
+
+  - PV-BT878P+rev.9B (Play TV Pro, opt. w/FM w/NICAM)
+  - PV-BT878P+rev.2F
+  - PV-BT878P Rev.1D (bt878, capture only)
+
+  - XCapture PV-CX881P (cx23881)
+  - PlayTV HD PV-CX881PL+, PV-CX881PL+(w/FM) (cx23881)
+
+  - DTV3000 PV-DTV3000P+ DVB-S CI = Twinhan VP-1030
+  - DTV2000 DVB-S = Twinhan VP-1020
+
+- Video Conferencing:
+
+  - PixelView Meeting PAK - (Model: PV-BT878P)
+  - PixelView Meeting PAK Lite - (Model: PV-BT878P)
+  - PixelView Meeting PAK plus - (Model: PV-BT878P+rev 4C/8D/10A)
+  - PixelView Capture - (Model: PV-BT848P)
+  - PixelView PlayTV USB pro
+  - Model No. PV-NT1004+, PV-NT1004+ (w/FM) = NT1004 USB decoder chip + SAA7113 video decoder chip
+
+Dynalink
+~~~~~~~~
+
+These are CPH series.
+
+Phoebemicro
+~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+- TV Master    = CPH030 or CPH060
+- TV Master FM = CPH050
+
+Genius/Kye
+~~~~~~~~~~
+
+- Video Wonder/Genius Internet Video Kit = LR37 Rev.C
+- Video Wonder Pro II (848 or 878) = LR26
+
+Tekram
+~~~~~~
+
+- VideoCap C205 (Bt848)
+- VideoCap C210 (zr36120 +Philips)
+- CaptureTV M200 (ISA)
+- CaptureTV M205 (Bt848)
+
+Lucky Star
+~~~~~~~~~~
+
+- Image World Conference TV = LR50 Rev. Q
+
+Leadtek
+~~~~~~~
+
+- WinView 601 (Bt848)
+- WinView 610 (Zoran)
+- WinFast2000
+- WinFast2000 XP
+
+Support for the Leadtek WinView 601 TV/FM
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Author of this section: Jon Tombs <jon@gte.esi.us.es>
+
+This card is basically the same as all the rest (Bt484A, Philips tuner),
+the main difference is that they have attached a programmable attenuator to 3
+GPIO lines in order to give some volume control. They have also stuck an
+infra-red remote control decoded on the board, I will add support for this
+when I get time (it simple generates an interrupt for each key press, with
+the key code is placed in the GPIO port).
+
+I don't yet have any application to test the radio support. The tuner
+frequency setting should work but it is possible that the audio multiplexer
+is wrong. If it doesn't work, send me email.
+
+
+- No Thanks to Leadtek they refused to answer any questions about their
+  hardware. The driver was written by visual inspection of the card. If you
+  use this driver, send an email insult to them, and tell them you won't
+  continue buying their hardware unless they support Linux.
+
+- Little thanks to Princeton Technology Corp (http://www.princeton.com.tw)
+  who make the audio attenuator. Their publicly available data-sheet available
+  on their web site doesn't include the chip programming information! Hidden
+  on their server are the full data-sheets, but don't ask how I found it.
+
+To use the driver I use the following options, the tuner and pll settings might
+be different in your country. You can force it via modprobe parameters.
+For example::
+
+    modprobe bttv  tuner=1 pll=28 radio=1 card=17
+
+Sets tuner type 1 (Philips PAL_I), PLL with a 28 MHz crystal, enables
+FM radio and selects bttv card ID 17 (Leadtek WinView 601).
+
+
+KNC One
+~~~~~~~
+
+- TV-Station
+- TV-Station SE (+Software Bundle)
+- TV-Station pro (+TV stereo)
+- TV-Station FM (+Radio)
+- TV-Station RDS (+RDS)
+- TV Station SAT (analog satellite)
+- TV-Station DVB-S
+
+.. note:: newer Cards have saa7134, but model name stayed the same?
+
+Provideo
+~~~~~~~~
+
+-  PV951 or PV-951, now named PV-951T
+   (also are sold as:
+   Boeder TV-FM Video Capture Card,
+   Titanmedia Supervision TV-2400,
+   Provideo PV951 TF,
+   3DeMon PV951,
+   MediaForte TV-Vision PV951,
+   Yoko PV951,
+   Vivanco Tuner Card PCI Art.-Nr.: 68404
+   )
+
+- Surveillance Series:
+
+ - PV-141
+ - PV-143
+ - PV-147
+ - PV-148 (capture only)
+ - PV-150
+ - PV-151
+
+- TV-FM Tuner Series:
+
+ - PV-951TDV (tv tuner + 1394)
+ - PV-951T/TF
+ - PV-951PT/TF
+ - PV-956T/TF Low Profile
+ - PV-911
+
+Highscreen
+~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- TV Karte = LR50 Rev.S
+- TV-Boostar = Terratec Terra TV+ Version 1.0 (Bt848, tda9821) "ceb105.pcb"
+
+Zoltrix
+~~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- Face to Face Capture (Bt848 capture only) (PCB "VP-2848")
+- Face To Face TV MAX (Bt848) (PCB "VP-8482 Rev1.3")
+- Genie TV (Bt878) (PCB "VP-8790 Rev 2.1")
+- Genie Wonder Pro
+
+AVerMedia
+~~~~~~~~~
+
+- AVer FunTV Lite (ISA, AV3001 chipset)  "M101.C"
+- AVerTV
+- AVerTV Stereo
+- AVerTV Studio (w/FM)
+- AVerMedia TV98 with Remote
+- AVerMedia TV/FM98 Stereo
+- AVerMedia TVCAM98
+- TVCapture (Bt848)
+- TVPhone (Bt848)
+- TVCapture98 (="AVerMedia TV98" in USA) (Bt878)
+- TVPhone98 (Bt878, w/FM)
+
+======== =========== =============== ======= ====== ======== =======================
+PCB      PCI-ID      Model-Name      Eeprom  Tuner  Sound    Country
+======== =========== =============== ======= ====== ======== =======================
+M101.C   ISA !
+M108-B      Bt848                     --     FR1236		 US   [#f2]_, [#f3]_
+M1A8-A      Bt848    AVer TV-Phone           FM1216  --
+M168-T   1461:0003   AVerTV Studio   48:17   FM1216 TDA9840T  D    [#f1]_ w/FM w/Remote
+M168-U   1461:0004   TVCapture98     40:11   FI1216   --      D    w/Remote
+M168II-B 1461:0003   Medion MD9592   48:16   FM1216 TDA9873H  D    w/FM
+======== =========== =============== ======= ====== ======== =======================
+
+.. [#f1] Daughterboard MB68-A with TDA9820T and TDA9840T
+.. [#f2] Sony NE41S soldered (stereo sound?)
+.. [#f3] Daughterboard M118-A w/ pic 16c54 and 4 MHz quartz
+
+- US site has different drivers for (as of 09/2002):
+
+  - EZ Capture/InterCam PCI (BT-848 chip)
+  - EZ Capture/InterCam PCI (BT-878 chip)
+  - TV-Phone (BT-848 chip)
+  - TV98 (BT-848 chip)
+  - TV98 With Remote (BT-848 chip)
+  - TV98 (BT-878 chip)
+  - TV98 With Remote (BT-878)
+  - TV/FM98 (BT-878 chip)
+  - AVerTV
+  - AverTV Stereo
+  - AVerTV Studio
+
+DE hat diverse Treiber fuer diese Modelle (Stand 09/2002):
+
+  - TVPhone (848) mit Philips tuner FR12X6 (w/ FM radio)
+  - TVPhone (848) mit Philips tuner FM12X6 (w/ FM radio)
+  - TVCapture (848) w/Philips tuner FI12X6
+  - TVCapture (848) non-Philips tuner
+  - TVCapture98 (Bt878)
+  - TVPhone98 (Bt878)
+  - AVerTV und TVCapture98 w/VCR (Bt 878)
+  - AVerTVStudio und TVPhone98 w/VCR (Bt878)
+  - AVerTV GO Serie (Kein SVideo Input)
+  - AVerTV98 (BT-878 chip)
+  - AVerTV98 mit Fernbedienung (BT-878 chip)
+  - AVerTV/FM98 (BT-878 chip)
+
+  - VDOmate (www.averm.com.cn) = M168U ?
+
+Aimslab
+~~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- Video Highway or "Video Highway TR200" (ISA)
+- Video Highway Xtreme (aka "VHX") (Bt848, FM w/ TEA5757)
+
+IXMicro (former: IMS=Integrated Micro Solutions)
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- IXTV BT848 (=TurboTV)
+- IXTV BT878
+- IMS TurboTV (Bt848)
+
+Lifetec/Medion/Tevion/Aldi
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- LT9306/MD9306 = CPH061
+- LT9415/MD9415 = LR90 Rev.F or Rev.G
+- MD9592 = Avermedia TVphone98 (PCI_ID=1461:0003), PCB-Rev=M168II-B (w/TDA9873H)
+- MD9717 = KNC One (Rev D4, saa7134, FM1216 MK2 tuner)
+- MD5044 = KNC One (Rev D4, saa7134, FM1216ME MK3 tuner)
+
+Modular Technologies (www.modulartech.com) UK
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- MM100 PCTV (Bt848)
+- MM201 PCTV (Bt878, Bt832) w/ Quartzsight camera
+- MM202 PCTV (Bt878, Bt832, tda9874)
+- MM205 PCTV (Bt878)
+- MM210 PCTV (Bt878) (Galaxy TV, Galaxymedia ?)
+
+Terratec
+~~~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- Terra TV+ Version 1.0 (Bt848), "ceb105.PCB" printed on the PCB, TDA9821
+- Terra TV+ Version 1.1 (Bt878), "LR74 Rev.E" printed on the PCB, TDA9821
+- Terra TValueRadio,             "LR102 Rev.C" printed on the PCB
+- Terra TV/Radio+ Version 1.0,   "80-CP2830100-0" TTTV3 printed on the PCB,
+  "CPH010-E83" on the back, SAA6588T, TDA9873H
+- Terra TValue Version BT878,    "80-CP2830110-0 TTTV4" printed on the PCB,
+  "CPH011-D83" on back
+- Terra TValue Version 1.0       "ceb105.PCB" (really identical to Terra TV+ Version 1.0)
+- Terra TValue New Revision	  "LR102 Rec.C"
+- Terra Active Radio Upgrade (tea5757h, saa6588t)
+
+- LR74 is a newer PCB revision of ceb105 (both incl. connector for Active Radio Upgrade)
+
+- Cinergy 400 (saa7134), "E877 11(S)", "PM820092D" printed on PCB
+- Cinergy 600 (saa7134)
+
+Technisat
+~~~~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- Discos ADR PC-Karte ISA (no TV!)
+- Discos ADR PC-Karte PCI (probably no TV?)
+- Techni-PC-Sat (Sat. analog)
+  Rev 1.2 (zr36120, vpx3220, stv0030, saa5246, BSJE3-494A)
+- Mediafocus I (zr36120/zr36125, drp3510, Sat. analog + ADR Radio)
+- Mediafocus II (saa7146, Sat. analog)
+- SatADR Rev 2.1 (saa7146a, saa7113h, stv0056a, msp3400c, drp3510a, BSKE3-307A)
+- SkyStar 1 DVB  (AV7110) = Technotrend Premium
+- SkyStar 2 DVB  (B2C2) (=Sky2PC)
+
+Siemens
+~~~~~~~
+
+Multimedia eXtension Board (MXB) (SAA7146, SAA7111)
+
+Powercolor
+~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- MTV878
+       Package comes with different contents:
+
+           a) pcb "MTV878" (CARD=75)
+           b) Pixelview Rev. 4\_
+
+- MTV878R w/Remote Control
+- MTV878F w/Remote Control w/FM radio
+
+Pinnacle
+~~~~~~~~
+
+PCTV models:
+
+- Mirovideo PCTV (Bt848)
+- Mirovideo PCTV SE (Bt848)
+- Mirovideo PCTV Pro (Bt848 + Daughterboard for TV Stereo and FM)
+- Studio PCTV Rave (Bt848 Version = Mirovideo PCTV)
+- Studio PCTV Rave (Bt878 package w/o infrared)
+- Studio PCTV      (Bt878)
+- Studio PCTV Pro  (Bt878 stereo w/ FM)
+- Pinnacle PCTV    (Bt878, MT2032)
+- Pinnacle PCTV Pro (Bt878, MT2032)
+- Pinncale PCTV Sat (bt878a, HM1821/1221) ["Conexant CX24110 with CX24108 tuner, aka HM1221/HM1811"]
+- Pinnacle PCTV Sat XE
+
+M(J)PEG capture and playback models:
+
+- DC1+ (ISA)
+- DC10  (zr36057,     zr36060,      saa7110, adv7176)
+- DC10+ (zr36067,     zr36060,      saa7110, adv7176)
+- DC20  (ql16x24b,zr36050, zr36016, saa7110, saa7187 ...)
+- DC30  (zr36057, zr36050, zr36016, vpx3220, adv7176, ad1843, tea6415, miro FST97A1)
+- DC30+ (zr36067, zr36050, zr36016, vpx3220, adv7176)
+- DC50  (zr36067, zr36050, zr36016, saa7112, adv7176 (2 pcs.?), ad1843, miro FST97A1, Lattice ???)
+
+Lenco
+~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- MXR-9565 (=Technisat Mediafocus?)
+- MXR-9571 (Bt848) (=CPH031?)
+- MXR-9575
+- MXR-9577 (Bt878) (=Prolink 878TV Rev.3x)
+- MXTV-9578CP (Bt878) (= Prolink PV-BT878P+4E)
+
+Iomega
+~~~~~~
+
+Buz (zr36067, zr36060, saa7111, saa7185)
+
+LML
+~~~
+   LML33 (zr36067, zr36060, bt819, bt856)
+
+Grandtec
+~~~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- Grand Video Capture (Bt848)
+- Multi Capture Card  (Bt878)
+
+Koutech
+~~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- KW-606 (Bt848)
+- KW-607 (Bt848 capture only)
+- KW-606RSF
+- KW-607A (capture only)
+- KW-608 (Zoran capture only)
+
+IODATA (jp)
+~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- GV-BCTV/PCI
+- GV-BCTV2/PCI
+- GV-BCTV3/PCI
+- GV-BCTV4/PCI
+- GV-VCP/PCI (capture only)
+- GV-VCP2/PCI (capture only)
+
+Canopus (jp)
+~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+WinDVR	= Kworld "KW-TVL878RF"
+
+www.sigmacom.co.kr
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Sigma Cyber TV II
+
+www.sasem.co.kr
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Litte OnAir TV
+
+hama
+~~~~
+
+TV/Radio-Tuner Card, PCI (Model 44677) = CPH051
+
+Sigma Designs
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Hollywood plus (em8300, em9010, adv7175), (PCB "M340-10") MPEG DVD decoder
+
+Formac
+~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- iProTV (Card for iMac Mezzanine slot, Bt848+SCSI)
+- ProTV (Bt848)
+- ProTV II = ProTV Stereo (Bt878) ["stereo" means FM stereo, tv is still mono]
+
+ATI
+~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- TV-Wonder
+- TV-Wonder VE
+
+Diamond Multimedia
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+DTV2000 (Bt848, tda9875)
+
+Aopen
+~~~~~
+
+- VA1000 Plus (w/ Stereo)
+- VA1000 Lite
+- VA1000 (=LR90)
+
+Intel
+~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- Smart Video Recorder (ISA full-length)
+- Smart Video Recorder pro (ISA half-length)
+- Smart Video Recorder III (Bt848)
+
+STB
+~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- STB Gateway 6000704 (bt878)
+- STB Gateway 6000699 (bt848)
+- STB Gateway 6000402 (bt848)
+- STB TV130 PCI
+
+Videologic
+~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- Captivator Pro/TV (ISA?)
+- Captivator PCI/VC (Bt848 bundled with camera) (capture only)
+
+Technotrend
+~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- TT-SAT PCI (PCB "Sat-PCI Rev.:1.3.1"; zr36125, vpx3225d, stc0056a, Tuner:BSKE6-155A
+- TT-DVB-Sat
+   - revisions 1.1, 1.3, 1.5, 1.6 and 2.1
+   - This card is sold as OEM from:
+
+	- Siemens DVB-s Card
+	- Hauppauge WinTV DVB-S
+	- Technisat SkyStar 1 DVB
+	- Galaxis DVB Sat
+
+   - Now this card is called TT-PCline Premium Family
+   - TT-Budget (saa7146, bsru6-701a)
+     This card is sold as OEM from:
+
+	- Hauppauge WinTV Nova
+	- Satelco Standard PCI (DVB-S)
+   - TT-DVB-C PCI
+
+Teles
+~~~~~
+
+ DVB-s (Rev. 2.2, BSRV2-301A, data only?)
+
+Remote Vision
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+MX RV605 (Bt848 capture only)
+
+Boeder
+~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- PC ChatCam (Model 68252) (Bt848 capture only)
+- Tv/Fm Capture Card  (Model 68404) = PV951
+
+Media-Surfer  (esc-kathrein.de)
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- Sat-Surfer (ISA)
+- Sat-Surfer PCI = Techni-PC-Sat
+- Cable-Surfer 1
+- Cable-Surfer 2
+- Cable-Surfer PCI (zr36120)
+- Audio-Surfer (ISA Radio card)
+
+Jetway (www.jetway.com.tw)
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- JW-TV 878M
+- JW-TV 878  = KWorld KW-TV878RF
+
+Galaxis
+~~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- Galaxis DVB Card S CI
+- Galaxis DVB Card C CI
+- Galaxis DVB Card S
+- Galaxis DVB Card C
+- Galaxis plug.in S [neuer Name: Galaxis DVB Card S CI
+
+Hauppauge
+~~~~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- many many WinTV models ...
+- WinTV DVBs = Technotrend Premium 1.3
+- WinTV NOVA = Technotrend Budget 1.1 "S-DVB DATA"
+- WinTV NOVA-CI "SDVBACI"
+- WinTV Nova USB (=Technotrend USB 1.0)
+- WinTV-Nexus-s (=Technotrend Premium 2.1 or 2.2)
+- WinTV PVR
+- WinTV PVR 250
+- WinTV PVR 450
+
+US models
+
+-990 WinTV-PVR-350 (249USD) (iTVC15 chipset + radio)
+-980 WinTV-PVR-250 (149USD) (iTVC15 chipset)
+-880 WinTV-PVR-PCI (199USD) (KFIR chipset + bt878)
+-881 WinTV-PVR-USB
+-190 WinTV-GO
+-191 WinTV-GO-FM
+-404 WinTV
+-401 WinTV-radio
+-495 WinTV-Theater
+-602 WinTV-USB
+-621 WinTV-USB-FM
+-600 USB-Live
+-698 WinTV-HD
+-697 WinTV-D
+-564 WinTV-Nexus-S
+
+Deutsche Modelle:
+
+-603 WinTV GO
+-719 WinTV Primio-FM
+-718 WinTV PCI-FM
+-497 WinTV Theater
+-569 WinTV USB
+-568 WinTV USB-FM
+-882 WinTV PVR
+-981 WinTV PVR 250
+-891 WinTV-PVR-USB
+-541 WinTV Nova
+-488 WinTV Nova-Ci
+-564 WinTV-Nexus-s
+-727 WinTV-DVB-c
+-545 Common Interface
+-898 WinTV-Nova-USB
+
+UK models:
+
+-607 WinTV Go
+-693,793 WinTV Primio FM
+-647,747 WinTV PCI FM
+-498 WinTV Theater
+-883 WinTV PVR
+-893 WinTV PVR USB  (Duplicate entry)
+-566 WinTV USB (UK)
+-573 WinTV USB FM
+-429 Impact VCB (bt848)
+-600 USB Live (Video-In 1x Comp, 1xSVHS)
+-542 WinTV Nova
+-717 WinTV DVB-S
+-909 Nova-t PCI
+-893 Nova-t USB   (Duplicate entry)
+-802 MyTV
+-804 MyView
+-809 MyVideo
+-872 MyTV2Go FM
+-546 WinTV Nova-S CI
+-543 WinTV Nova
+-907 Nova-S USB
+-908 Nova-T USB
+-717 WinTV Nexus-S
+-157 DEC3000-s Standalone + USB
+
+Spain:
+
+-685 WinTV-Go
+-690 WinTV-PrimioFM
+-416 WinTV-PCI Nicam Estereo
+-677 WinTV-PCI-FM
+-699 WinTV-Theater
+-683 WinTV-USB
+-678 WinTV-USB-FM
+-983 WinTV-PVR-250
+-883 WinTV-PVR-PCI
+-993 WinTV-PVR-350
+-893 WinTV-PVR-USB
+-728 WinTV-DVB-C PCI
+-832 MyTV2Go
+-869 MyTV2Go-FM
+-805 MyVideo (USB)
+
+
+Matrix-Vision
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- MATRIX-Vision MV-Delta
+- MATRIX-Vision MV-Delta 2
+- MVsigma-SLC (Bt848)
+
+Conceptronic (.net)
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- TVCON FM,  TV card w/ FM = CPH05x
+- TVCON = CPH06x
+
+BestData
+~~~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- HCC100 = VCC100rev1 + camera
+- VCC100 rev1 (bt848)
+- VCC100 rev2 (bt878)
+
+Gallant  (www.gallantcom.com) www.minton.com.tw
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- Intervision IV-510 (capture only bt8x8)
+- Intervision IV-550 (bt8x8)
+- Intervision IV-100 (zoran)
+- Intervision IV-1000 (bt8x8)
+
+Asonic (www.asonic.com.cn) (website down)
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+SkyEye tv 878
+
+Hoontech
+~~~~~~~~
+
+878TV/FM
+
+Teppro (www.itcteppro.com.tw)
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- ITC PCITV (Card Ver 1.0) "Teppro TV1/TVFM1 Card"
+- ITC PCITV (Card Ver 2.0)
+- ITC PCITV (Card Ver 3.0) = "PV-BT878P+ (REV.9D)"
+- ITC PCITV (Card Ver 4.0)
+- TEPPRO IV-550 (For BT848 Main Chip)
+- ITC DSTTV (bt878, satellite)
+- ITC VideoMaker (saa7146, StreamMachine sm2110, tvtuner) "PV-SM2210P+ (REV:1C)"
+
+Kworld (www.kworld.com.tw)
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+PC TV Station:
+
+- KWORLD KW-TV878R  TV (no radio)
+- KWORLD KW-TV878RF TV (w/ radio)
+- KWORLD KW-TVL878RF (low profile)
+- KWORLD KW-TV713XRF (saa7134)
+
+
+ MPEG TV Station (same cards as above plus WinDVR Software MPEG en/decoder)
+
+- KWORLD KW-TV878R -Pro   TV (no Radio)
+- KWORLD KW-TV878RF-Pro   TV (w/ Radio)
+- KWORLD KW-TV878R -Ultra TV (no Radio)
+- KWORLD KW-TV878RF-Ultra TV (w/ Radio)
+
+JTT/ Justy Corp.(http://www.jtt.ne.jp/)
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+JTT-02 (JTT TV) "TV watchmate pro" (bt848)
+
+ADS www.adstech.com
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- Channel Surfer TV ( CHX-950 )
+- Channel Surfer TV+FM ( CHX-960FM )
+
+AVEC www.prochips.com
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+AVEC Intercapture (bt848, tea6320)
+
+NoBrand
+~~~~~~~
+
+TV Excel = Australian Name for "PV-BT878P+ 8E" or "878TV Rev.3\_"
+
+Mach www.machspeed.com
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Mach TV 878
+
+Eline www.eline-net.com/
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- Eline Vision TVMaster / TVMaster FM (ELV-TVM/ ELV-TVM-FM) = LR26  (bt878)
+- Eline Vision TVMaster-2000 (ELV-TVM-2000, ELV-TVM-2000-FM)= LR138 (saa713x)
+
+Spirit
+~~~~~~
+
+- Spirit TV Tuner/Video Capture Card (bt848)
+
+Boser www.boser.com.tw
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- HS-878 Mini PCI Capture Add-on Card
+- HS-879 Mini PCI 3D Audio and Capture Add-on Card (w/ ES1938 Solo-1)
+
+Satelco www.citycom-gmbh.de, www.satelco.de
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- TV-FM =KNC1 saa7134
+- Standard PCI (DVB-S) = Technotrend Budget
+- Standard PCI (DVB-S) w/ CI
+- Satelco Highend PCI (DVB-S) = Technotrend Premium
+
+
+Sensoray www.sensoray.com
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- Sensoray 311 (PC/104 bus)
+- Sensoray 611 (PCI)
+
+CEI (Chartered Electronics Industries Pte Ltd [CEI] [FCC ID HBY])
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- TV Tuner  -  HBY-33A-RAFFLES  Brooktree Bt848KPF + Philips
+- TV Tuner MG9910  -  HBY33A-TVO  CEI + Philips SAA7110 + OKI M548262 + ST STV8438CV
+- Primetime TV (ISA)
+
+  - acquired by Singapore Technologies
+  - now operating as Chartered Semiconductor Manufacturing
+  - Manufacturer of video cards is listed as:
+
+    - Cogent Electronics Industries [CEI]
+
+AITech
+~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- Wavewatcher TV (ISA)
+- AITech WaveWatcher TV-PCI = can be LR26 (Bt848) or LR50 (BT878)
+- WaveWatcher TVR-202 TV/FM Radio Card (ISA)
+
+MAXRON
+~~~~~~
+
+Maxron MaxTV/FM Radio (KW-TV878-FNT) = Kworld or JW-TV878-FBK
+
+www.ids-imaging.de
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- Falcon Series (capture only)
+
+In USA: http://www.theimagingsource.com/
+- DFG/LC1
+
+www.sknet-web.co.jp
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+SKnet Monster TV (saa7134)
+
+A-Max www.amaxhk.com (Colormax, Amax, Napa)
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+APAC Viewcomp 878
+
+Cybertainment
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- CyberMail AV Video Email Kit w/ PCI Capture Card (capture only)
+- CyberMail Xtreme
+
+These are Flyvideo
+
+VCR (http://www.vcrinc.com/)
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Video Catcher 16
+
+Twinhan
+~~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- DST Card/DST-IP (bt878, twinhan asic) VP-1020
+  - Sold as:
+
+    - KWorld DVBS Satellite TV-Card
+    - Powercolor DSTV Satellite Tuner Card
+    - Prolink Pixelview DTV2000
+    - Provideo PV-911 Digital Satellite TV Tuner Card With Common Interface ?
+
+- DST-CI Card (DVB Satellite) VP-1030
+- DCT Card (DVB cable)
+
+MSI
+~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- MSI TV@nywhere Tuner Card (MS-8876) (CX23881/883) Not Bt878 compatible.
+- MS-8401 DVB-S
+
+Focus www.focusinfo.com
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+InVideo PCI (bt878)
+
+Sdisilk www.sdisilk.com/
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- SDI Silk 100
+- SDI Silk 200 SDI Input Card
+
+www.euresys.com
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+PICOLO series
+
+PMC/Pace
+~~~~~~~~
+
+www.pacecom.co.uk website closed
+
+Mercury www.kobian.com (UK and FR)
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- LR50
+- LR138RBG-Rx  == LR138
+
+TEC sound
+~~~~~~~~~
+
+TV-Mate = Zoltrix VP-8482
+
+Though educated googling found: www.techmakers.com
+
+(package and manuals don't have any other manufacturer info) TecSound
+
+Lorenzen www.lorenzen.de
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+SL DVB-S PCI = Technotrend Budget PCI (su1278 or bsru version)
+
+Origo (.uk) www.origo2000.com
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+PC TV Card = LR50
+
+I/O Magic www.iomagic.com
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+PC PVR - Desktop TV Personal Video Recorder DR-PCTV100 = Pinnacle ROB2D-51009464 4.0 + Cyberlink PowerVCR II
+
+Arowana
+~~~~~~~
+
+TV-Karte / Poso Power TV (?) = Zoltrix VP-8482 (?)
+
+iTVC15 boards
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+kuroutoshikou.com ITVC15
+yuan.com MPG160 PCI TV (Internal PCI MPEG2 encoder card plus TV-tuner)
+
+Asus www.asuscom.com
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Models:
+
+- Asus TV Tuner Card 880 NTSC (low profile, cx23880)
+- Asus TV (saa7134)
+
+Hoontech
+~~~~~~~~
+
+http://www.hoontech.de/
+
+- HART Vision 848 (H-ART Vision 848)
+- HART Vision 878 (H-Art Vision 878)
+
+
+
+Chips used at bttv devices
+--------------------------
+
+- all boards:
+
+  - Brooktree Bt848/848A/849/878/879: video capture chip
+
+- Board specific
+
+  - Miro PCTV:
+
+    - Philips or Temic Tuner
+
+  - Hauppauge Win/TV pci (version 405):
+
+    - Microchip 24LC02B or Philips 8582E2Y:
+
+       - 256 Byte EEPROM with configuration information
+       - I2C 0xa0-0xa1, (24LC02B also responds to 0xa2-0xaf)
+
+    - Philips SAA5246AGP/E: Videotext decoder chip, I2C 0x22-0x23
+
+    - TDA9800: sound decoder
+
+    - Winbond W24257AS-35: 32Kx8 CMOS static RAM (Videotext buffer mem)
+
+    - 14052B: analog switch for selection of sound source
+
+- PAL:
+
+  - TDA5737: VHF, hyperband and UHF mixer/oscillator for TV and VCR 3-band tuners
+  - TSA5522: 1.4 GHz I2C-bus controlled synthesizer, I2C 0xc2-0xc3
+
+- NTSC:
+
+  - TDA5731: VHF, hyperband and UHF mixer/oscillator for TV and VCR 3-band tuners
+  - TSA5518: no datasheet available on Philips site
+
+- STB TV pci:
+
+  - ???
+  - if you want better support for STB cards send me info!
+    Look at the board! What chips are on it?
+
+
+
+
+Specs
+-----
+
+Philips		http://www.Semiconductors.COM/pip/
+
+Conexant	http://www.conexant.com/
+
+Micronas	http://www.micronas.com/en/home/index.html
+
+Thanks
+------
+
+Many thanks to:
+
+- Markus Schroeder <schroedm@uni-duesseldorf.de> for information on the Bt848
+  and tuner programming and his control program xtvc.
+
+- Martin Buck <martin-2.buck@student.uni-ulm.de> for his great Videotext
+  package.
+
+- Gerd Hoffmann for the MSP3400 support and the modular
+  I2C, tuner, ... support.
+
+
+- MATRIX Vision for giving us 2 cards for free, which made support of
+  single crystal operation possible.
+
+- MIRO for providing a free PCTV card and detailed information about the
+  components on their cards. (E.g. how the tuner type is detected)
+  Without their card I could not have debugged the NTSC mode.
+
+- Hauppauge for telling how the sound input is selected and what components
+  they do and will use on their radio cards.
+  Also many thanks for faxing me the FM1216 data sheet.
+
+Contributors
+------------
+
+Michael Chu <mmchu@pobox.com>
+  AverMedia fix and more flexible card recognition
+
+Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
+  Video4Linux interface and 2.1.x kernel adaptation
+
+Chris Kleitsch
+  Hardware I2C
+
+Gerd Hoffmann
+  Radio card (ITT sound processor)
+
+bigfoot <bigfoot@net-way.net>
+
+Ragnar Hojland Espinosa <ragnar@macula.net>
+  ConferenceTV card
+
+
++ many more (please mail me if you are missing in this list and would
+	     like to be mentioned)
diff --git a/Documentation/admin-guide/media/index.rst b/Documentation/admin-guide/media/index.rst
index 6e5e6bdb6d4b..ecaf28effa6a 100644
--- a/Documentation/admin-guide/media/index.rst
+++ b/Documentation/admin-guide/media/index.rst
@@ -34,6 +34,9 @@ Video4Linux (V4L)  driver-specific documentation
 	:maxdepth: 5
 	:numbered:
 
+	intro
+	building
+
 	cardlist
 
 	v4l-with-ir
diff --git a/Documentation/admin-guide/media/intro.rst b/Documentation/admin-guide/media/intro.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..52d09f175735
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/admin-guide/media/intro.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+============
+Introduction
+============
+
+The media subsystem consists on Linux support for several different types
+of devices:
+
+- PC/Laptop Cameras;
+- Complex cameras found on Embedded hardware;
+- Audio and video grabbers;
+- Analog and digital TV;
+- HDMI Customer Electronics Control (CEC);
+- Multi-touch input devices;
+- Remote Controllers;
+- Media encoders and decoders.
+
+Due to the diversity of devices, the subsystem provides several different
+APIs:
+
+- Remote Controller API;
+- HDMI CEC API;
+- Video4Linux API;
+- Media controller API;
+- Digital TV API (also known as DVB API).
