diff --git a/target/arm/cpu.h b/target/arm/cpu.h
index 05fd6e61aa..b189efadf8 100644
--- a/target/arm/cpu.h
+++ b/target/arm/cpu.h
@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@
 #define EXCP_UNALIGNED      22   /* v7M UNALIGNED UsageFault */
 #define EXCP_DIVBYZERO      23   /* v7M DIVBYZERO UsageFault */
 #define EXCP_VSERR          24
+#define EXCP_GPC            25   /* v9 Granule Protection Check Fault */
 /* NB: add new EXCP_ defines to the array in arm_log_exception() too */
 
 #define ARMV7M_EXCP_RESET   1
diff --git a/target/arm/internals.h b/target/arm/internals.h
index 759b70c646..5e88649fea 100644
--- a/target/arm/internals.h
+++ b/target/arm/internals.h
@@ -352,14 +352,27 @@ typedef enum ARMFaultType {
     ARMFault_ICacheMaint,
     ARMFault_QEMU_NSCExec, /* v8M: NS executing in S&NSC memory */
     ARMFault_QEMU_SFault, /* v8M: SecureFault INVTRAN, INVEP or AUVIOL */
+    ARMFault_GPCFOnWalk,
+    ARMFault_GPCFOnOutput,
 } ARMFaultType;
 
+typedef enum ARMGPCF {
+    GPCF_None,
+    GPCF_AddressSize,
+    GPCF_Walk,
+    GPCF_EABT,
+    GPCF_Fail,
+} ARMGPCF;
+
 /**
  * ARMMMUFaultInfo: Information describing an ARM MMU Fault
  * @type: Type of fault
+ * @gpcf: Subtype of ARMFault_GPCFOn{Walk,Output}.
  * @level: Table walk level (for translation, access flag and permission faults)
  * @domain: Domain of the fault address (for non-LPAE CPUs only)
  * @s2addr: Address that caused a fault at stage 2
+ * @paddr: physical address that caused a fault for gpc
+ * @paddr_space: physical address space that caused a fault for gpc
  * @stage2: True if we faulted at stage 2
  * @s1ptw: True if we faulted at stage 2 while doing a stage 1 page-table walk
  * @s1ns: True if we faulted on a non-secure IPA while in secure state
@@ -368,7 +381,10 @@ typedef enum ARMFaultType {
 typedef struct ARMMMUFaultInfo ARMMMUFaultInfo;
 struct ARMMMUFaultInfo {
     ARMFaultType type;
+    ARMGPCF gpcf;
     target_ulong s2addr;
+    target_ulong paddr;
+    ARMSecuritySpace paddr_space;
     int level;
     int domain;
     bool stage2;
@@ -542,6 +558,17 @@ static inline uint32_t arm_fi_to_lfsc(ARMMMUFaultInfo *fi)
     case ARMFault_Exclusive:
         fsc = 0x35;
         break;
+    case ARMFault_GPCFOnWalk:
+        assert(fi->level >= -1 && fi->level <= 3);
+        if (fi->level < 0) {
+            fsc = 0b100011;
+        } else {
+            fsc = 0b100100 | fi->level;
+        }
+        break;
+    case ARMFault_GPCFOnOutput:
+        fsc = 0b101000;
+        break;
     default:
         /* Other faults can't occur in a context that requires a
          * long-format status code.
diff --git a/target/arm/helper.c b/target/arm/helper.c
index 9e1c1ed6d8..dc97dc120b 100644
--- a/target/arm/helper.c
+++ b/target/arm/helper.c
@@ -10238,6 +10238,7 @@ void arm_log_exception(CPUState *cs)
             [EXCP_UNALIGNED] = "v7M UNALIGNED UsageFault",
             [EXCP_DIVBYZERO] = "v7M DIVBYZERO UsageFault",
             [EXCP_VSERR] = "Virtual SERR",
+            [EXCP_GPC] = "Granule Protection Check",
         };
 
         if (idx >= 0 && idx < ARRAY_SIZE(excnames)) {
@@ -10966,6 +10967,10 @@ static void arm_cpu_do_interrupt_aarch64(CPUState *cs)
     }
 
     switch (cs->exception_index) {
+    case EXCP_GPC:
+        qemu_log_mask(CPU_LOG_INT, "...with MFAR 0x%" PRIx64 "\n",
+                      env->cp15.mfar_el3);
+        /* fall through */
     case EXCP_PREFETCH_ABORT:
     case EXCP_DATA_ABORT:
         /*
diff --git a/target/arm/tlb_helper.c b/target/arm/tlb_helper.c
index 60abcbebe6..aa03d3f8dc 100644
--- a/target/arm/tlb_helper.c
+++ b/target/arm/tlb_helper.c
@@ -109,17 +109,106 @@ static uint32_t compute_fsr_fsc(CPUARMState *env, ARMMMUFaultInfo *fi,
     return fsr;
 }
 
+static bool report_as_gpc_exception(ARMCPU *cpu, int current_el,
+                                    ARMMMUFaultInfo *fi)
+{
+    bool ret;
+
+    switch (fi->gpcf) {
+    case GPCF_None:
+        return false;
+    case GPCF_AddressSize:
+    case GPCF_Walk:
+    case GPCF_EABT:
+        /* R_PYTGX: GPT faults are reported as GPC. */
+        ret = true;
+        break;
+    case GPCF_Fail:
+        /*
+         * R_BLYPM: A GPF at EL3 is reported as insn or data abort.
+         * R_VBZMW, R_LXHQR: A GPF at EL[0-2] is reported as a GPC
+         * if SCR_EL3.GPF is set, otherwise an insn or data abort.
+         */
+        ret = (cpu->env.cp15.scr_el3 & SCR_GPF) && current_el != 3;
+        break;
+    default:
+        g_assert_not_reached();
+    }
+
+    assert(cpu_isar_feature(aa64_rme, cpu));
+    assert(fi->type == ARMFault_GPCFOnWalk ||
+           fi->type == ARMFault_GPCFOnOutput);
+    if (fi->gpcf == GPCF_AddressSize) {
+        assert(fi->level == 0);
+    } else {
+        assert(fi->level >= 0 && fi->level <= 1);
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static unsigned encode_gpcsc(ARMMMUFaultInfo *fi)
+{
+    static uint8_t const gpcsc[] = {
+        [GPCF_AddressSize] = 0b000000,
+        [GPCF_Walk]        = 0b000100,
+        [GPCF_Fail]        = 0b001100,
+        [GPCF_EABT]        = 0b010100,
+    };
+
+    /* Note that we've validated fi->gpcf and fi->level above. */
+    return gpcsc[fi->gpcf] | fi->level;
+}
+
 static G_NORETURN
 void arm_deliver_fault(ARMCPU *cpu, vaddr addr,
                        MMUAccessType access_type,
                        int mmu_idx, ARMMMUFaultInfo *fi)
 {
     CPUARMState *env = &cpu->env;
-    int target_el;
+    int target_el = exception_target_el(env);
+    int current_el = arm_current_el(env);
     bool same_el;
     uint32_t syn, exc, fsr, fsc;
 
-    target_el = exception_target_el(env);
+    if (report_as_gpc_exception(cpu, current_el, fi)) {
+        target_el = 3;
+
+        fsr = compute_fsr_fsc(env, fi, target_el, mmu_idx, &fsc);
+
+        syn = syn_gpc(fi->stage2 && fi->type == ARMFault_GPCFOnWalk,
+                      access_type == MMU_INST_FETCH,
+                      encode_gpcsc(fi), 0, fi->s1ptw,
+                      access_type == MMU_DATA_STORE, fsc);
+
+        env->cp15.mfar_el3 = fi->paddr;
+        switch (fi->paddr_space) {
+        case ARMSS_Secure:
+            break;
+        case ARMSS_NonSecure:
+            env->cp15.mfar_el3 |= R_MFAR_NS_MASK;
+            break;
+        case ARMSS_Root:
+            env->cp15.mfar_el3 |= R_MFAR_NSE_MASK;
+            break;
+        case ARMSS_Realm:
+            env->cp15.mfar_el3 |= R_MFAR_NSE_MASK | R_MFAR_NS_MASK;
+            break;
+        default:
+            g_assert_not_reached();
+        }
+
+        exc = EXCP_GPC;
+        goto do_raise;
+    }
+
+    /* If SCR_EL3.GPF is unset, GPF may still be routed to EL2. */
+    if (fi->gpcf == GPCF_Fail && target_el < 2) {
+        if (arm_hcr_el2_eff(env) & HCR_GPF) {
+            target_el = 2;
+        }
+    }
+
     if (fi->stage2) {
         target_el = 2;
         env->cp15.hpfar_el2 = extract64(fi->s2addr, 12, 47) << 4;
@@ -127,8 +216,8 @@ void arm_deliver_fault(ARMCPU *cpu, vaddr addr,
             env->cp15.hpfar_el2 |= HPFAR_NS;
         }
     }
-    same_el = (arm_current_el(env) == target_el);
 
+    same_el = current_el == target_el;
     fsr = compute_fsr_fsc(env, fi, target_el, mmu_idx, &fsc);
 
     if (access_type == MMU_INST_FETCH) {
@@ -146,6 +235,7 @@ void arm_deliver_fault(ARMCPU *cpu, vaddr addr,
         exc = EXCP_DATA_ABORT;
     }
 
+ do_raise:
     env->exception.vaddress = addr;
     env->exception.fsr = fsr;
     raise_exception(env, exc, syn, target_el);
